The gravure printing machine is printed by circular pressing and direct printing. The printing plate is directly formed on the plate cylinder, and is inked by ink or ink jet. There is no ink distribution mechanism. Since the ink layer is thick, a quick-drying ink with a strong volatility is used, and a drying device is required.
The types of gravure printing of gravure printing machines are classified into two types according to the plate making method: engraving gravure and etching intaglio.
Engraved intaglio:
The engraving gravure is a pit that is directly engraved on the surface of the plate cylinder with a knives corresponding to the original image. According to the control method of the knives, it can be divided into a hand-engraved gravure, a mechanical engraving gravure and an electronic engraving gravure.
(1) hand-engraved gravure
The hand-engraved gravure is made by a technician using a knife to manually engrave the surface of the plate cylinder according to the original image, and the plate material can be made of copper plate or steel plate. Manual labor is heavy, plate making costs are large, and the cycle is long. However, the hand-engraved gravure lines are clear, and the prints are highly layered and difficult to forge. Most are used in gravure printing gravure printing of high quality art.
(2) mechanical engraving gravure
The mechanical engraving gravure is made by mechanically controlling the knives on the surface of the plate cylinder. It reduces the heavy work of hand engraving, the plate making speed is fast, the cycle is short, and the plate making cost is also low. Mainly used to make printed gravure of securities.
Due to the high cost of the above two engraving plates and the long plate making cycle, the use range of the gravure printing press is limited. But things are divided into two. In the case of anti-counterfeiting packaging, hand-engraved intaglio may be the best method of making plates. Because the secret anti-counterfeiting is a main method of anti-counterfeiting packaging, the technicians can use the various methods to engrave some hidden notes in the process of hand-engraving the intaglio. The hidden marks on these hand-engraved intaglios are not easy to be found, and it is more difficult to distinguish in the printed matter. This forms a secret anti-counterfeiting.
(3) Electronic engraving gravure
This version is controlled by an electronic control device to engrave the surface of the plate cylinder. The electronic engraving machine is used to control the engraving knives according to the photoelectric principle, and the cells are engraved on the surface of the drum, and the area and depth of the gravure printing machine drum are simultaneously changed.
Corrosion intaglio:
The etching intaglio is made by etching a single ink pit on the surface of the plate cylinder by chemical etching according to the original image. Corrosion intaglios can be classified into an etch intaglio, a gravure, and a dot intaglio according to the difference in the original text conversion method.
The etching intaglio is made by a plate making method in which engraving and etching are combined. That is, the shape of the original image is manually engraved, and the intaglio is produced by etching.
The gravure application is widely used, and it is the most widely used printing plate in the gravure printing machine, and is mainly used for printing plates and the like.
The dot intaglio is mainly used for packaging decoration printing and building materials printing.
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